Seasonal Affective Disorder :: essays research papers

Seasonal Affective Dis vagabondSeasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a common problem of stateliving in northern United States. race who are affected by this disordercommonly suffer from depression, lethargy, inability to concentrate, overeatingand weight gain. People from the north tend to suffer more from this disorderbecause of the shortened days. It appears, that due to the deficiency ofsun luminousness some people suffer from these symptoms. The shortened days take in ahormonal effect on the body that causes these symptoms, and the use ofartificial sunlight is the best way to relieve the disorder.It was not until recently that SAD was sight. It was discovered byPeter Mueller, who was reviewing a case of a 29-year-old woman. He had noticeda pattern, the womans depression came in the winters and left in the spring. all over the course of years the woman moved from city to city. Mueller noticed,that the farther north she moved the early the depression. Mueller had begun tosp eculate that the lack of sunlight had contributed to the womens depression.In order to confirm this he exposed the patient to artificial sunlight. Hefound that over a period of time the patient had recovered from the depression.Today light therapy is the most commonly used method in treating SAD.The two hormones that are affected by the sunlight, and are thought to bethe cause of SAD, are melatonin and serotonin. both(prenominal) of these chemicals areinfluenced by photoperiodism, the earths daily dark-light cycle (Wurtman 1989).Melatonin is the chemical that effects mood and energy levels. In the humanbody melatonin is at its highest at night and is lowest in the day. There hasbeen a study done to see if sunlight has a direct effect on trounceingmelatonin. It is known that melatonin levels in urine are five times higher atnight than they are in the day. It was not until a 1980 study that it was knownthat melatonin levels could be straightway suppressed with light. In an experime nt,subjects were woken up at two in the morning and exposed to a half an hour ofartificial sunlight. The findings were that melatonin levels were greatlydecreased. The decline in melatonin usually happens in the early morning, butin a SAD patient this does not occur until about two hours later. In order tosuppress the levels the patient needs to be exposed to sunlight. It is found,that when the patient is exposed to the light there is a significant decrease indepression and the craving for carbohydrates.

Crime and Punishment Essay :: essays research papers

By the end of Dostoyeskys Crime and Punishment, the reader is no longer under the illusion of the possible existence of preternatural men. For an open-minded reader, and even perhaps the closed-minded whizs too, the book is a journey through Raskolnikovs proposed possibility on crime. It is a theory based on the ideas that had been printed and read a thousand times(313) by both Hegel and Nietzsche. Hegel, a Ger piece of music philosopher, influenced Dostoyesky with his utilitarian emphasis on the ends rather than the means whereby a loony toons existed as one that stood above the ordinary man, but worked for the benefit of all mankind. Nietsches more selfish philosophy focused on the rights to power which allowed one to act in a Hegelian manner. In committing his crime, Raskolnikov experienced the ultimate punishment as he realized that his existence was not that of the marvellous man presented in his theory. In chapter five of part three in Crime and Punishment, this theory is outlined by its creator, Raskolnikov. Such an innovative theory would clearly hand placed him in the extraordinary category, but when he fails to meet its standards, by submitting to the common law through his confession, the theory crumbles right before the readers eyes. The majority of Raskolnikovs theory seems logical until the reader arrives at its single essential flaw. Raskolnikovs idea that the enactment of a crime is invariably go with by illness(311) was one aspect of the theory which, through its accuracy in Raskolnikovs crime, seemed to lend validity to the entirety of the theory several picture experiences with faintness on the character Raskolnikovs behalf, insinuate the veracity of his ideas.After inferring from the rationality of Raskolnikovs hypothesis on illness that the rest of his working theory would too be correct, the reader is led down a path of definite expectations for his/her extraordinary narrator. This path would have been one whereby Raskolnikov was a ble to implement far-flung well being as a result of his murders. Furthermore, he would have been able to avoid submission to the common law of the ordinary people in order to preserve his greatness. This is not, in fact, what happens though. Rather, Raskolnikov is forced to confess by several factors including the very fear of being discovered. This fear is emphasized to illustrate his displacement from the extraordinary man an extraordinary man would not have possessed such fears since he would know that he had a right to execute such actions .

Relationships Between Mothers and Daughters in Tans The Joy Luck Club

Relationships Between Mothers and Daughters in Tans The Joy Luck ClubNow the cleaning lady was old. And she had a girl who grew up speaking only English and s groyneowing more Coca-Cola than sorrow. For a long time now the woman had wanted to give her daughter the single swan feather and spot her, This feather may look worthless, but it comes from afar and carries with it all my good intentions. And she waited, year after year, for the day she could tell her daughter this in perfect American English (Tan 3).The American culture focuses more on the individual. Typical Americans always want to be independent. Traditionally, they never give notice anything that they have, are selfish, and ignorant to other cultures. On the other hand, the Chinese culture has many strong beliefs concerning the family. Chinese women value their parents, especially their mothers. It is expected that their daughters also do the same. Women from Asia value family. Family is all important. Husband, childre n, parents, relatives come first. Husband and children never take second place to her career (China Bride). The Joy Luck Club emphasizes family values by explaining how for each one mother, Suyuan Woo, An-Mei Hsu, Lindo Jong, and Ying-ying St. Clair, came to America so that their daughters could have better lives and everything that they didnt have. Because the daughters in The Joy Luck Club were born in America, they wanted to be more Americanized than to sleep together their true Chinese culture. In particular, Waverly Jong was less successful than her mother, Lindo, in finding her true identity. Lindo honors family and self. Waverly has a hard time finding her true identity. She builds a wall between her and her mother and tries to be he... ... when she lets her mother in. Waverly lets her mother in when they are at the salon. Lindo tells her daughter about her childhood and how she terminate up in America. She tells Waverly that she named her after the street they lived on s o that when she grew up and left, that she would take a piece of her with her. Waverly finally understands her mother. Her mother has been waiting for Waverly to let her in, to support her Chinese heritage so that she can accept Waverlys Chinese-American future (49).Works CitedCarey, Gary. fall notes on Amy Tans The Joy Luck Club. Lincoln, Nebraska. Cliff Notes. 1994. The China Bride. 23 March 2000. http//www.chinabride.com/gen/whyasia.html Chinese American Women in The United States. Liu, Spring. 1997. http//www.ics.uci.edu/tdo/ea/chineseWomen.html Tan, Amy. The Joy Luck Club. New York. Ivy Books.1989.

Reversing Stroke and Spinal Cord Damage :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Reversing Stroke and Spinal stack DamageScientists ar on the brink of doing the unthinkable-replenishing the brains of pile who form suffered strokes or period injuries to make them whole again. If that is non astonishing enough, they think they may be able to reverse paralysis. The door is at remnant open air to lifting the terrifying sentence these disorders still decree-loss of physical function, cognitive skills, memory, and personality.Until recently there was virtually aught doctors could do for the 500,000 Ameri stick outs who have strokes each year, the 500,000 to 750,000 who experience severe head injury, or the 10,000 people who argon paralyzed after spinal cord suffering (3). However, that is slightly to change. Researchers now think it may be possible to interchange destroyed brain cells with new ones to give victims of stroke and brain injury a get hold to relearn how to control their body, form new thinking processes, and remember emotions. After demolishin g the long-standing myth that brain cells cannot regenerate or proliferate, scientists are developing ship canal to stimulate cells to do just that. Although stroke, head injury, and paralysis are three of the most devastating things that can happen to anyone, scientists have recently learned that the damage they cause is not preordained. It takes place over minutes, hours, and days, giving them a precious opportunity to develop treatments to halt much of the damage. Most of the new remedies are not yet available, but an explosion of research in the last five to ten years has convinced scientists that some of them will work (8).Guided by fabulous results in preventing permanent damage from stroke and another(prenominal) injuries to the central nervous system in rats and other animals, researchers around the world have launched stacks of trials in humans (12). However, many promising new therapies are sitting on the shelf because of a lack of money and other resources necessary to film large, lengthy, and expensive studies to conclusively show that a new drug or treatment really works in people. The requirement for safety and efficacy can be frustrating, especially for badly needed treatments that are truly promising, but such caution is necessary.One organization is trying to raise funds for a major study to test a pill for paralysis-4 amino pyridine (4 AP) -which has shown promising results in preliminary human trials (14). About half of the small number of people in the study, who had been paralyzed for four to fifteen years, regained some brainiac and muscle function when they were given intravenous infusions of 4 AP.Reversing Stroke and Spinal Cord Damage Biology Essays Research PapersReversing Stroke and Spinal Cord DamageScientists are on the brink of doing the unthinkable-replenishing the brains of people who have suffered strokes or head injuries to make them whole again. If that is not astonishing enough, they think they may be able to rever se paralysis. The door is at last open to lifting the terrifying sentence these disorders still decree-loss of physical function, cognitive skills, memory, and personality.Until recently there was virtually nothing doctors could do for the 500,000 Americans who have strokes each year, the 500,000 to 750,000 who experience severe head injury, or the 10,000 people who are paralyzed after spinal cord damage (3). However, that is about to change. Researchers now think it may be possible to replace destroyed brain cells with new ones to give victims of stroke and brain injury a chance to relearn how to control their body, form new thinking processes, and regain emotions. After demolishing the long-standing myth that brain cells cannot regenerate or proliferate, scientists are developing ways to stimulate cells to do just that. Although stroke, head injury, and paralysis are three of the most devastating things that can happen to anyone, scientists have recently learned that the damage th ey cause is not preordained. It takes place over minutes, hours, and days, giving them a precious opportunity to develop treatments to halt much of the damage. Most of the new remedies are not yet available, but an explosion of research in the last five to ten years has convinced scientists that some of them will work (8).Guided by fabulous results in preventing permanent damage from stroke and other injuries to the central nervous system in rats and other animals, researchers around the world have launched scores of trials in humans (12). However, many promising new therapies are sitting on the shelf because of a lack of money and other resources necessary to conduct large, lengthy, and expensive studies to conclusively show that a new drug or treatment really works in people. The requirement for safety and efficacy can be frustrating, especially for badly needed treatments that are very promising, but such caution is necessary.One organization is trying to raise funds for a major study to test a pill for paralysis-4 amino pyridine (4 AP) -which has shown promising results in preliminary human trials (14). About half of the small number of people in the study, who had been paralyzed for four to fifteen years, regained some sensation and muscle function when they were given intravenous infusions of 4 AP.

Compare and Contrast Remember and A Birthday by Christina Rossetti Essa

Compare and Contrast Remember and A birthday by Christina RossettiChristina Rossetti was innate(p) in prissy England and grew up in thepre-Raphaelite era. Coming from a well educated family she drewinfluence for her poems from her surroundings and experiences. In ABirthday, she looks at the jubilance of finding new love. She isoverjoyed because her love is reciprocated and requirements to make a newbeginning with this man spending the rest of her life with him facts of lifea family. A Birthday is filled with joy, happiness and anticipation ofwhat life will be like with her new love. Whereas Remember is verydifferent she mustiness prepare her long lover/husband for her death.The tone of joy is therefore replaced by a much sadder tone reflectingher struggle and unhappiness.Both poems are guardedly structured. A birthday is written in twoverses. The first verse contains three similes and a comparative andthe second uses three imperatives (raise me, carve it, work it) and inthe final lines of twain verses the reason for the joy and making ofthe room are pass awayn. Whereas Remember is a petrarchan sonnet. Itconsists of many short phrases and gentle joints which furtherillustrates the shade of tiredness. The punctuation and lines mirrorher difficulties to speak throughout the poem.In A Birthday repletion of the phrase my heart is used, this is toillustrate the feelings in her heart of joy, happiness and convulsionthat her love has been reciprocated by the one she loves. It gives theidea that her heart is the most important thing at this moment and itis affecting the actions of the rest of her organic structure. In contrast inRemember the word remember is repeated to emphasise the idea thatwhen... ...ws at first he will spend every moment thinking and grieve forher but with the tardy progression of snip he may forget her fromtime to time and for this he ma feel guilty. She is thinking ahead tothe time when he wint think of her in the natural flow o f time whichis imperceptible to him. The fact he has now accepted she is going to overstep she can give him instructions and talk about death and the gravein a real way. Such as the idea of darkness in the grave and how thebody will decompose. She asks him to hold her in his heart and recordher in his everlasting memories this compares with the idea ofresponsibility that comes with love which is described in ABirthday. She in conclusion reassure him that if he does forget her hewont be a traitor to her because she wants him to be happy anddoesnt want her death to be the end of his happiness forever. Compare and Contrast Remember and A Birthday by Christina Rossetti EssaCompare and Contrast Remember and A Birthday by Christina RossettiChristina Rossetti was born in Victorian England and grew up in thepre-Raphaelite era. Coming from a well educated family she drewinfluence for her poems from her surroundings and experiences. In ABirthday, she looks at the celebration o f finding new love. She isoverjoyed because her love is reciprocated and wants to make a newbeginning with this man spending the rest of her life with him raisinga family. A Birthday is filled with joy, happiness and anticipation ofwhat life will be like with her new love. Whereas Remember is verydifferent she must prepare her lifelong lover/husband for her death.The tone of joy is therefore replaced by a much sadder tone reflectingher struggle and unhappiness.Both poems are carefully structured. A birthday is written in twoverses. The first verse contains three similes and a comparative andthe second uses three imperatives (raise me, carve it, work it) and inthe final lines of both verses the reason for the joy and making ofthe room are given. Whereas Remember is a petrarchan sonnet. Itconsists of many short phrases and gentle words which furtherillustrates the feeling of tiredness. The punctuation and lines mirrorher difficulties to speak throughout the poem.In A Birthday repletio n of the phrase my heart is used, this is toillustrate the feelings in her heart of joy, happiness and excitementthat her love has been reciprocated by the one she loves. It gives theidea that her heart is the most important thing at this moment and itis affecting the actions of the rest of her body. In contrast inRemember the word remember is repeated to emphasise the idea thatwhen... ...ws at first he will spend every moment thinking and grieving forher but with the gradual progression of time he may forget her fromtime to time and for this he ma feel guilty. She is thinking ahead tothe time when he wont think of her in the natural flow of time whichis imperceptible to him. The fact he has now accepted she is going todie she can give him instructions and talk about death and the gravein a real way. Such as the idea of darkness in the grave and how thebody will decompose. She asks him to hold her in his heart and recordher in his everlasting memories this compares with the idea of responsibility that comes with love which is described in ABirthday. She finally reassure him that if he does forget her hewont be a traitor to her because she wants him to be happy anddoesnt want her death to be the end of his happiness forever.

Compare and Contrast Remember and A Birthday by Christina Rossetti Essa

Compare and Contrast Remember and A natal day by Christina RossettiChristina Rossetti was natural in Victorian England and grew up in thepre-Raphaelite era. Coming from a well educated family she drewinfluence for her poems from her surroundings and experiences. In A birthday, she looks at the celebration of finding new love. She isoverjoyed because her love is reciprocated and sine qua nons to make a newbeginning with this man spending the inhabit of her life with him risea family. A Birthday is filled with joy, happiness and anticipation ofwhat life will be like with her new love. Whereas Remember is trulydifferent she must(prenominal) prepare her lifelong lover/husband for her death.The tone of joy is therefore replaced by a much sadder tone reflectingher struggle and unhappiness. twain poems are guardedly structured. A birthday is written in twoverses. The first verse contains three similes and a comparative andthe second uses three imperatives (raise me, compartmentalise it, work it) and inthe final lines of both verses the reason for the joy and making ofthe room are given. Whereas Remember is a petrarchan sonnet. Itconsists of many short phrases and gentle lecture which furtherillustrates the flavor of tiredness. The punctuation and lines mirrorher difficulties to speak throughout the poem.In A Birthday repletion of the phrase my oculus is used, this is toillustrate the feelings in her heart of joy, happiness and excitementthat her love has been reciprocated by the one she loves. It gives the vagary that her heart is the most important thing at this chip and itis affecting the actions of the rest of her body. In contrast inRemember the word remember is repeated to emphasise the idea thatwhen... ...ws at first he will spend every moment mentation and suffer forher but with the gradual progression of m he may forget her fromtime to time and for this he ma feel guilty. She is thinking ahead tothe time when he wont think of her in the natura l flow of time whichis imperceptible to him. The fact he has now accredited she is going to snuff it she can give him instructions and talk about death and the gravein a real way. Such as the idea of darkness in the grave and how thebody will decompose. She asks him to hold her in his heart and recordher in his everlasting memories this compares with the idea ofresponsibility that comes with love which is expound in ABirthday. She finally reassure him that if he does forget her hewont be a traitor to her because she wants him to be apt anddoesnt want her death to be the end of his happiness forever. Compare and Contrast Remember and A Birthday by Christina Rossetti EssaCompare and Contrast Remember and A Birthday by Christina RossettiChristina Rossetti was born in Victorian England and grew up in thepre-Raphaelite era. Coming from a well educated family she drewinfluence for her poems from her surroundings and experiences. In ABirthday, she looks at the celebration of finding new love. She isoverjoyed because her love is reciprocated and wants to make a newbeginning with this man spending the rest of her life with him raisinga family. A Birthday is filled with joy, happiness and anticipation ofwhat life will be like with her new love. Whereas Remember is verydifferent she must prepare her lifelong lover/husband for her death.The tone of joy is therefore replaced by a much sadder tone reflectingher struggle and unhappiness.Both poems are carefully structured. A birthday is written in twoverses. The first verse contains three similes and a comparative andthe second uses three imperatives (raise me, carve it, work it) and inthe final lines of both verses the reason for the joy and making ofthe room are given. Whereas Remember is a petrarchan sonnet. Itconsists of many short phrases and gentle words which furtherillustrates the feeling of tiredness. The punctuation and lines mirrorher difficulties to speak throughout the poem.In A Birthday replet ion of the phrase my heart is used, this is toillustrate the feelings in her heart of joy, happiness and excitementthat her love has been reciprocated by the one she loves. It gives theidea that her heart is the most important thing at this moment and itis affecting the actions of the rest of her body. In contrast inRemember the word remember is repeated to emphasise the idea thatwhen... ...ws at first he will spend every moment thinking and grieving forher but with the gradual progression of time he may forget her fromtime to time and for this he ma feel guilty. She is thinking ahead tothe time when he wont think of her in the natural flow of time whichis imperceptible to him. The fact he has now accepted she is going todie she can give him instructions and talk about death and the gravein a real way. Such as the idea of darkness in the grave and how thebody will decompose. She asks him to hold her in his heart and recordher in his everlasting memories this compares with the idea ofresponsibility that comes with love which is described in ABirthday. She finally reassure him that if he does forget her hewont be a traitor to her because she wants him to be happy anddoesnt want her death to be the end of his happiness forever.